Oral Manifestations of Nutritional Deficiencies: Single Centre Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Oral manifestations of deficiency of iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid are thought to be common. Prevalence of these deficiencies among patients with compatible symptoms is not well known. The goal of this study was to summarize evidence from a dental practice of iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency in patients presenting with compatible oral manifestations. METHODS: 250 patients who presented with burning mouth syndrome, angular cheilitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, papillar atrophy of the tongue dorsum or mucosal erythema were identified. Patients underwent clinical examination, and the blood samples were taken. RESULTS: 250 patients (208 females; 42 males, mean age 44.1 years) with at least one corresponding symptom or sign were identified. The nutritional deficiency of one or more nutrients was found in 119 patients (47.6%). Seven times more females than males were noted to have one type of deficiency (104 females, 15 males). Iron deficiency as defined was diagnosed in 62 patients (24.8%), vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency in 44 patients (17.6%) and both deficiencies (iron + vitamin B12/folic acid) in 13 patients (5.2%). The only predictive factor was gender and only for iron deficiency. The presence of more than one deficiency was noted in 10 patients (4.9%). CONCLUSION: The most commonly observed deficiency in dental practice over the course of 11 years was an iron deficiency in the female population. Age, diet and reported co-morbidities did not show statistically significant predictable value in recognizing these deficiencies.

Feline oral cavity lesions diagnosed by histopathology: a 6-year retrospective study in Portugal.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of oral cavity lesions in cats, their anatomical location and histological diagnosis, and the effect of life stage, breed and sex on different diagnoses. METHODS: For this purpose, a retrospective study comprising 297 feline oral cavity lesions was performed over a 6-year period between 2010 and 2015. Histopathological records from the DNAtech Pathology Laboratory (Lisbon, Portugal) were analysed. RESULTS: The incidence of oral disease was higher in male cats (n = 173; 58.4%), mature adults (ranging from 7 to 10 years old [n = 88; 33.0%]) and in the European Shorthair breed (n = 206; 73.6%). The gingiva was the site where oral lesions were most commonly found, with 128 samples (43.1%). Incisional biopsies were used to obtain the majority of samples (n = 256; 86.2%), while excisional biopsies and punch biopsies were performed in 36 (12.1%) and five (1.7%) cases, respectively. Inflammatory and neoplastic lesions accounted for 187 (63%) and 110 (37%) of the studied cases, respectively. Malignancies were found in >80% of neoplastic cases. Feline chronic gingivostomatitis was the most common histological diagnosis (n = 116; 39.1%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (n = 49; 16.5%) and eosinophilic granuloma complex (n = 33; 11.1%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The present work, involving a large series of samples of feline oral cavity lesions, from numerous geographically scattered practices and all examined at a reference veterinary pathology laboratory, adds important new understanding of the epidemiology of feline oral disease.

Prevalencia de lesiones bucales en tejido blando encontradas en la Clínica de Estomatología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de los Andes: periodo 2015-2018 / Prevalence of oral lesions in soft tissue found in the Clinic of Stomatology of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of los Andes: 2015-2018 period

Introducción: La epidemiología sobre alteraciones en tejidos blandos bucales es limitada cuando se compara con caries, enfermedades periodontales y maloclusiones, por lo que su estudio representa un paso adelante en la odontología más allá de los dientes. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de las lesiones bucales en tejido blando encontradas en la Clínica de Estomatología de la Facultad de Odontología de la ULA, del 2015 al 2018, con la finalidad de proporcionar una fuente de datos actualizada, que oriente a una mejor prevención y oportuno diagnóstico. Material y métodos: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, documental, retrospectiva y multivariable. Resultados: De 1,000 fichas clínicas estudiadas, las patologías más frecuentes fueron: lengua saburral (50.6%), queilitis (33.4%), traumatismo de la mucosa de los carrillos (27.6%), várices linguales (18.3%), anquiloglosia (13.7%) y agrandamiento de rugas palatinas (11.7%). La zona con mayor alteración fue la lengua (92.1%), mientras que el paladar fue la menos afectada (29%). De los hábitos predisponentes a la formación de lesiones, el mordisqueo de mucosa fue el más común (16.5%). En cuanto a los factores locales asociados, una higiene oral regular/ deficiente resultó el principal (53.8%). Conclusión: La educación del paciente sigue siendo considerada la clave para disminuir la aparición de patologías y su evolución a entidades más graves (AU)

Introduction: Epidemiological studies on soft tissue alterations in the mouth are limited when compared with caries, periodontal diseases and malocclusions, so their study represents a step forward in dentistry beyond the teeth. Objective: To describe the prevalence of soft tissue oral lesions found in the Stomatology Clinic of the ULA School of Dentistry, from 2015 to 2018, in order to provide an up-to-date data source, to guide better prevention and timely diagnosis. Material and methods: A descriptive and documentary, retrospective and multivariable research was carried out. The statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics v 23 was applied for the analysis. Results: 1,000 clinical records studied, the most frequent pathologies were: saburral tongue (50.6%), cheilitis (33.4%), traumatism of the cheek mucosa (27.6%), lingual varices (18.3%), ankyloglossia (13.7%) and enlargement of palatal rugas (11.7%). The tongue was the most affected (92.1%), while the palate was the least affected (29%). Of the predisposing habits to the formation of lesions, mucosal nipping was the most common (16.5%). Regarding the associated local factors, a regular / deficient oral hygiene was the main one (53.8%). Conclusion: Patient education is still considered the key to diminish not only the appearance of pathologies but their evolution to more serious entities (AU)

Differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during the chemotherapeutic treatment.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to identify the differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during chemotherapeutic treatment. METHODOLOGY: This is an observational, prospective and quantitative study using direct documentation by follow-up of 105 patients from 0 to 18 years using the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Of the 105 patients analyzed, 57 (54.3%) were boys with 7.3 years (±5.2) mean age. Hematologic neoplasms accounted for 51.4% of all cases. RESULTS: Voice, lips, tongue, and saliva changes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between patients with solid or hematologic tumors and during the follow-up. From the 6th until the 10th week of chemotherapeutic treatment alterations in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane (buccal mucosa and palate), in the labial mucosa, and in the gingiva occurred and were distributed differently between the two tumors groups (p<0.05). The main alterations were observed in patients with hematologic tumors. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the oral changes during the chemotherapeutic treatment occurred especially in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane, in the labial mucosa and in the gingiva, and these alterations were found mainly in patients with hematologic tumors.

Differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during the chemotherapeutic treatment

Abstract Objective: This study sought to identify the differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during chemotherapeutic treatment. Methodology: This is an observational, prospective and quantitative study using direct documentation by follow-up of 105 patients from 0 to 18 years using the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Of the 105 patients analyzed, 57 (54.3%) were boys with 7.3 years (±5.2) mean age. Hematologic neoplasms accounted for 51.4% of all cases. Results: Voice, lips, tongue, and saliva changes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between patients with solid or hematologic tumors and during the follow-up. From the 6th until the 10th week of chemotherapeutic treatment alterations in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane (buccal mucosa and palate), in the labial mucosa, and in the gingiva occurred and were distributed differently between the two tumors groups (p<0.05). The main alterations were observed in patients with hematologic tumors. Conclusion: It was concluded that the oral changes during the chemotherapeutic treatment occurred especially in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane, in the labial mucosa and in the gingiva, and these alterations were found mainly in patients with hematologic tumors.

Incidence of reactive hyperplastic lesions in the oral cavity: a 10 year retrospective study in Santa Catarina, Brazil / Incidência de lesões hiperplásicas reativas na cavidade bucal: estudo retrospectivo de 10 anos em Santa Catarina, Brasil

Abstract Introduction Reactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. Objective The incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. Methods A total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients' files. Results A total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5-2 cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). Conclusion Reactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.

Resumo Introdução As lesões hiperplásicas reativas se desenvolvem em resposta a uma lesão crônica que estimula uma resposta acentuada de reparo tecidual. Elas representam uma das lesões orais mais comuns, inclusive hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, granuloma piogênico oral, fibroma de células gigantes, fibroma periférico ossificante e lesão periférica de células gigantes. Objetivo A incidência dessas lesões foi investigada em um serviço de patologia bucal e as características clínicas, os fatores etiológicos associados e a concordância entre os diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico foram determinados. Método Foram selecionados 2.400 registros de pacientes entre 2006 e 2016. As características clínicas foram registradas a partir de laudos de biópsia e dos prontuários dos pacientes. Resultados Um total de 534 casos de lesões hiperplásicas reativas foram recuperados e retrospectivamente estudados, representando 22,25% de todos os diagnósticos. A lesão mais frequente foi hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (72,09%), seguida por granuloma piogênico oral (11,79%), fibroma de células gigantes, (7,30%), fibroma periférico ossificante (5,24%) e lesão periférica de células gigantes (3,55%). O sexo feminino foi predominante (74,19%), a gengiva e a crista alveolar foram o local anatômico predominante (32,89%) e o traumatismo crônico foi demonstrado como o principal fator etiológico. A idade variou desde a 1ª década de vida até a 7ª. Clinicamente, as LHR consistiram em pequenas lesões (0,5 a 2 cm) que apresentaram uma forte semelhança de cor com a mucosa oral. A concordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico foi alta (82,5%). Conclusão As lesões hiperplásicas reativas apresentaram alta incidência entre as patologias bucais. A compreensão das características clínicas ajuda na realização de um diagnóstico clínico e etiológico mais claro, bem como determinar os fatores relacionados ao seu desenvolvimento. Dessa forma contribui para um tratamento adequado e um prognóstico positivo.

Epidemiological Profile of the Pathologies of the Oral Cavity in a Peruvian Population: A 9-Year Retrospective Study of 18,639 Patients.

AIM: To determine the epidemiological profile of oral diseases in a marginal urban Peruvian population. METHODS: A 9-year retrospective study was conducted, analysing 18,639 clinical records from the María Auxiliadora Hospital between 2006 and 2015 with diagnoses of oral lesions using ICD-10 criteria. Clinical records were analysed for sex, tumour, periapical abscess and sinus, cysts of the oral region, other lesions of the oral mucosa and cavity, gingivitis and periodontal disease, dentofacial anomalies, diseases of pulp, etc. RESULTS: Of 18,639 cases, the prevalence was higher in women for the following pathologies: unspecified dental caries (30.6%); impacted tooth in the category of disorders of tooth development and eruption (2.0%); pulpitis (6.8%) in the category of diseases of pulp and periapical tissues; temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (1.5%) in the category of dentofacial anomalies; acute gingivitis (7.5%); radicular cyst (0.3%) in the category of cysts of the oral region; and periapical abscess without sinus (2.0%). CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant association between sex and different types of dental caries, disturbances in tooth eruption, diseases of pulp and periapical tissues, and dentofacial anomalies. The study also shows a statistically significant association between sex and gingivitis, periodontal disease, and periodontal abscess and sinus.

Incidence of reactive hyperplastic lesions in the oral cavity: a 10 year retrospective study in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Reactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. OBJECTIVE: The incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. METHODS: A total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients' files. RESULTS: A total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5-2cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). CONCLUSION: Reactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.

[Oral allergies]. / Les allergies orales.

Oral allergies to dental materials are a growing problem and remain poorly diagnosed by health professionals. The complaints of patients with oral allergy are various and include sensations of burning or stinging of the oral mucosa, sensations of dryness of the oral cavity, or general symptoms such as headache, dyspepsia, asthenia, arthralgia, and myalgia. Signs suggestive of oral allergy include erythema, edema, purpuric patches on the palate, ulcerations of the oral mucosa (canker sore), gingivitis, glossitis mimicking geographic tongue, angular cheilitis, peri-oral eczema or the presence of lichenoid reactions of the oral mucosa. The diagnosis of an allergy will include data from the anamnesis, the clinical examination, as well as the results of allergy tests: epicutaneous tests (patch tests) or cutaneous tests (prick tests), possibly completed by a blood test ( in vitro lymphoblastic transformation test ou LTT).

Les allergies orales aux matériaux dentaires représentent un problème croissant et demeurent peu diagnostiquées par les professionnels de la santé. Les plaintes des patients présentant une allergie buccale sont variées et compor tent des sensations de brûlures ou de picotements de la muqueuse buccale, des sensations de sécheresse de la cavité buccale ou des symptômes généraux de type céphalée, dyspepsie, asthénie, arthralgies, myalgies. Les signes qui peuvent faire suspecter une allergie de la cavité buccale sont la présence d'un érythème, d'un oedème ou piqueté purpurique du palais, des ulcérations de la muqueuse buccale (aphtes), une gingivite, une glossite dépapillante, une perlèche, un eczéma péribuccal ou encore la présence de réactions lichénoïdes de la muqueuse buccale. Le diagnostic d'une allergie comprendra les données de l'anamnèse, de l'examen clinique, ainsi que les résultats des tests d'allergies : tests épicutanés (patch tests) ou cutanés (prick tests), complétés éventuellement par un test sanguin (test de transformation lymphoblastique in vitro ou LTT).

Condições bucais e metabólitos salivares de pacientes com mucopolissacaridose / Oral conditions and salivary metabolites of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis

Mucopolissacaridose (MPS) é uma doença genética hereditária causada pela deficiência de enzimas lisossômicas que afetam o catabolismo de glicosaminoglicanos, acarretando seu acúmulo em diferentes órgãos e tecidos causando alterações sistêmicas e bucais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e descrever as manifestações bucais e caracterizar os metabólitos salivares de pacientes com MPS e através de relatos de caso investigar as manifestações presentes em pacientes com MPS-II com diferentes tempos de diagnóstico e tratamento. Foram selecionados pacientes de dois Centros de Referência em MPS no Rio de Janeiro (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira e Instituto Fernandes Figueira) os quais foram atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia ­ UFRJ. Treze pacientes portadores de MPS dos tipos I, II, IV e VI foram avaliados quanto às manifestações bucais (tecidos moles, relação oclusal, exame periodontal e dental). Amostras salivares foram coletadas de um paciente de cada tipo de MPS e de um paciente saudável para caracterização dos metabólitos salivares usando espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente (SPSS 23.0) e empregados os testes Fisher e Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05). A amostra foi composta por 3 pacientes MPS-I, 5 MPS-II, 1 MPS IV e 4 MPS-VI, 4 do sexo feminino e 9 masculino, com idades variando de 2-38 anos. A média de ceo-d/CPO-D variou entre 0-5 e a macroglossia foi a manifestação mais prevalente (61,5%) especialmente no tipo II (p=0,019). O índice de sangramento gengival variou entre os tipos de MPS (p=0,038), maior em pacientes do tipo II. O transpasse horizontal acentuado foi mais prevalente no tipo IV (p=0,005). Foram observadas diferenças nos metabólitos salivares entre os tipos de MPS em relação ao paciente saudável. As manifestações bucais e craniofaciais de pacientes com MPS tipo II com diferentes tempos de diagnóstico e tratamentos foram descritas em dois relatos de casos. Um paciente, gênero masculino, 7 anos de idade com diagnóstico intrauterino recebeu transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas aos 70 dias de vida. As principais manifestações bucais e radiográficas foram: macroglossia, mordida cruzada posterior, apinhamento, atraso na erupção, retenção de dentes decíduos, hipoplasia de esmalte, dentes posteriores com raízes curtas e alongamento dos processos estiloides bilateralmente. No segundo relato de caso dois pacientes portadores de MPS-II com diagnóstico tardio apresentaram manifestações craniofaciais e bucais acentuadas, reveladas através do exame tomográfico e avaliação da simetria através da sobreposição de imagens em 3D. Foram observados nesses pacientes: mordida aberta total, arcos dentários expandidos, severa hipoplasia condilar, processos coronoides aumentados além de macroglossia e maloclusão do tipo classe III. Pode-se concluir que a macroglossia e o transpasse horizontal acentuado foram associados respectivamente aos tipos de MPS II e VI. Há evidências da importância do diagnóstico/tratamento precoce na redução das manifestações craniofaciais em paciente com MPS-II. Diferenças nos metabólitos salivares de baixo peso molecular entre paciente saudável e portadores de MPS podem ser promissoras no entendimento da doença. (AU)

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a hereditary genetic disease caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes that affect the catabolism of glycosaminoglycans, causing their accumulation in different organs and tissues causing systemic and oral alterations. The objective of the study was to evaluate and describe oral manifestations and to characterize the salivary metabolites of patients with MPS and through case reports we also investigate the manifestations present in patients with MPS-II with different moments of diagnosis and treatment. Patients were selected from two MPS Reference Centers in Rio de Janeiro (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira and Instituto Fernandes Figueira), which were attended at the Faculty of Dentistry - UFRJ. Thirteen patients with MPS types I, II, IV and VI were described of oral manifestations (soft tissue, occlusal relationship, periodontal and dental examination). Salivary samples were collected from one patient of each type of MPS as well as healthy ones to characterize the salivary metabolites using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. The data were analyzed descriptively (SPSS 23.0) and the Fisher and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used (p <0.05). The sample consisted of 3 MPS-I, 5 MPS-II, 1 MPS IV and 4 MPS-VI, 4 females and 9 males, with ages varying from 2-38 years. Mean of dmft / DMFT varied between 0-5 and macroglossia was the most prevalent manifestation (61.5%), especially type II (p = 0.019). The gingival bleeding index varied among MPS types (p = 0.038), higher in type II patients. The accentuated horizontal transpiration was more prevalent in type IV (p = 0.005). Differences were observed in salivary metabolites between MPS types in relation to the healthy patient. The oral and craniofacial manifestations of patients with MPS type II with different moments of diagnosis and in addition the treatment were described in two case reports. A 7-year-old male patient with intrauterine diagnosis received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at 70 days of age. The main oral and radiographic manifestations were: macroglossia, posterior crossbite, crowding, delayed eruption, retention of deciduous teeth, enamel hypoplasia, posterior teeth with short roots and stretching of styloid processes bilaterally. In the second case report, two patients with MPS-II with late diagnosis showed marked craniofacial and buccal manifestations revealed by tomographic examination and evaluation of symmetry through the overlapping of 3D images. These patients were: total open bite, expanded dental arches, severe condylar hypoplasia, increased coronoid processes in addition to macroglossia and class III malocclusion. We concluded that the macroglossia and the accentuated horizontal transpiration were associated respectively with the MPS II and VI types. The importance of early diagnosis / treatment in the reduction of craniofacial manifestations in patients with MPS-II has been demonstrated. Differences in low molecular weight salivary metabolites between healthy and MPS patients may be promising on understanding this disease. (AU)

Schedule for Rating Disabilities; Dental and Oral Conditions. Final rule.

This document amends the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Schedule for Rating Disabilities by revising the portion of the schedule that addresses dental and oral conditions. The effect of this action is to ensure that the rating schedule uses current medical terminology and to provide detailed and updated criteria for evaluation of dental and oral conditions for disability rating purposes.

Human Papillomavirus as a Potential Risk Factor for Oral Premalignant Lesions.

Oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) and numerous alterations of oral mucosa remain unsolved due to their complex etiopathogenesis. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), in particular, have been reported as the possible risk factors or cofactors. The aim of the study was to determine the association of different HPV types with oral premalignant lesions, and the potential role of smoking and alcohol use. Eighty patients (mean age ± SD, 52.45±5.56) of both genders, 19 (23.75%) male and 61 (76.25%) female, were enrolled in the study. Study group included 40 patients diagnosed with OPLs (leukoplakia, erythroplakia, actinic keratosis and lichen planus), while control group included another 40 patients with healthy oral mucosa. Genotyping of the HPV types was performed by qualitative real-time HPV typing polymerase chain reaction test. HPV DNA was detected in 30% (12/40) of study group patients and 2.5% (1/40) of control group patients. The results revealed the presence of HPV16 in 15% (6/40), HPV56 in 10% (4/40), and HPV18 in 5% (2/40) of study group cases, and HPV31 in 1 (2.5%) control group patient. Th e association of oral HPV positivity and smoking/alcohol use in the study group was not statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, high-risk HPV types are associated with oral premalignant disorders. However, it remains unknown whether HPV acts as an innocent bystander or it has a role in initiating development of premalignant lesions. Smoking and alcohol use were not associated with the existing oral HPV infection.

A saúde bucal de crianças menores de 5 anos de idade no município de Diadema / Oral health status of children under 5 years-old in Diadema

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência, gravidade e os fatores associados à cárie dentária(CD), lesão dentária traumática (LDT) e desgaste dentário erosivo (DDEr) em crianças menores de 5 anos de idade no município de Diadema, São Paulo. Cirurgiões-Dentistas treinados e calibrados examinaram o total de 1215 crianças de 1, 2, 3 e 4 anos de idade para CD e LDT e 839 crianças de 3 e 4 anos de idade para DDEr nas 19 Unidades Básicas de Saúde, durante a campanha de Multivacinação Infantil, em 2012. Utilizou-se os índices de Knutson, ceo-d e ceo-s para CD, os critérios modificados de Andreas en para LDT e o índice de O´Brien modificado para DDEr. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e regressões de Poisson (IC 95%). As prevalências encontradas levando em consideração o totalda amostra examinada foram: CD (20,3%), LDT (20,1%) e DDEr (51,3%). Os fatores associados para CDforam a idade da criança e ter dois ou mais filhos na família; para LDT a idade e a presença de mordida aberta anterior e/ou sobressaliência acentuada; para DDEr consumir refrigerante e suco mais de 3 vezes ao dia, deixar a bebida na boca ou beber na mamadeira e relato de refluxo gastroesofágico. No município de Diadema, a prevalência de CD é baixa; LDT é moderada, sendo fratura de esmalte a mais frequente; DDEr é alta, no entanto a maioria das lesões acometem somente o esmalte.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity and associated factors of Dental Caries (DC),Traumatic Dental Injury (TDI) and Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW) in children under 5 years-old in the municipality of Diadema, São Paulo. Trained and calibrated dentists examined a total of 1215 children aged 1-4years-old for DC and TDI, and 839 children aged 3 and 4 years-old for ETW in 19 Primary Health Centres during the National Children’s Vaccination in 2012. For the assessment of DC the Knutson, dmf-t and dmf-s indexes were used, a modified And reasen criteria was used for TDI and a modified version of theO’Brien index for ETW. Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression (CI 95%) were used. The prevalence of DC, TDI, ETW was 20.3%, 20.1% and 51.3% respectively. The Factors associated with DC were age and having more than one child in the family, for TDI the factors were age and presence of anterior openbite and/or increased overjet and for ETW, the factors were drinking soft drink or juice more than 3 timesa day, keeping it in the mouth without swallowing or using baby’s bottle, report of gastroesophageal reflux. In Diadema, the prevalence and severity of DC lesions is low; LDT is moderate enamel fracture being the most common; DDEr is high, however most lesions only affect the enamel.

Análise retrospectiva das lesões do complexo oral e maxilofacial do Serviço de Cirurgia oral do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho: um estudo retrospectivo de 24 anos / Retrospective analysis of injuries of the oral complex and maxilofacial in Oral Surgery Service of the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho: a study retrospective of 24 years

Os estudos epidemiológicos podem auxiliar na identificação da prevalência das lesões em uma determinada população, assim como na coleta de dados relativos a localização, idade, gênero e saúde geral do paciente, bem como hábitos nocivos existentes, e possíveis fatores etiológicos associados. Na literatura, os estudos epidemiológicos das doenças de boca exibem, em sua maioria, uma alta prevalência de lesões benignas de mucosa, principalmente do tipo hiperplásicas, assim como mucoceles, e alterações inflamatórias periapicais. No entanto, a real prevalência das lesões pode variar de acordo com a idade dos pacientes e da origem dos casos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a prevalência e as características sócio- demográficas de lesões orais dos pacientes encaminhados para tratamento cirúrgico no serviço de Cirurgia Oral do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O período de estudo compreendeu de 1989 a 2013, perfazendo 24 anos As lesões diagnosticadas foram classificadas de acordo com a sua natureza. Os dados coletados foram analisados levando-se em conta os valores absolutos e percentuais. Dos 328 casos da amostra, 159 (48,5%) eram pacientes do sexo feminino e 169 (51,5%) pacientes do sexo masculino, e a média de idade geral foi de 34,26 anos. Os cistos e tumores odontogênicos de desenvolvimento ocorreram mais comumente com 154 casos, representando 47,0%. As doenças da polpa e do periápice e as lesões intra-ósseas não odontogênicas foram responsáveis por 18,9% e 10,7% das lesões, respectivamente. Dezenove casos (5,7%) eram lesões hiperplásicas; 16 (4,9%) eram lesões de glândulas salivares; 13 (4%) eram lesões malignas; e 13 (4,0%) eram cistos não- odontogênicos. Dez casos (3,0%) eram de lesões com diagnóstico inconclusivo, e as neoplasias benignas foram as menos comumente diagnosticadas, com apenas 6 casos (1,8%). Levando-se em consideração as lesões de maior prevalência, o cisto radicular foi a patologia mais comumente encontrada representando 16,8% da amostra, seguido do cisto dentígero (15,3%), do ameloblastoma (10,7%), do tumor odontogênico ceratocístico (9,5%) e dos odontomas (5,5%). (AU)

Epidemiological studies can assist in identifying the prevalence of oral lesions in a given population. Other information that can be collected is data on affected sites, patient´s age and gender and overall health, the presence of hazardous habits and associated etiological factors. In the literature, epidemiological studies of oral diseases nearly always exhibit a high prevalence of mucosal benign hyperplastic lesions, as well as mucoceles and periapical inflammatory lesions. However, the actual prevalence of lesions may depend on patient´s age range and in the origin of the cases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of odontogenic and non- odontogenic lesions of patients referred for surgical treatment at the Oral Surgery Service of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (HUCFF), of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The study period totalized 24 years, from 1989 to 2013. The lesions were classified according to their nature. The collected data was analyzed taking into account the absolute values and percentages. Of the 328 sample cases, 159 (48.5%) were female patients and 169 (51.5%) male patients, and the average age was of 34.26 years. Dvelopment Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors occurred more commonly with 154 cases, representing 47.0% of the study group. Pulpal and periapical diseases and non-odontogenic bone lesions accounted for 18.9% and 10.7% cases, respectively. Nineteen cases (5.7%) were hyperplastic lesions; 16 (4.9%) were salivary glands lesions; 13 (4%) were malignant neoplasms; and 13 (4.0%) were nonOdontogenic cysts. Ten cases (3.0%) were represented by lesions with inconclusive diagnosis. Benign neoplasms were the least commonly diagnosed cases, with only 6 tumors (1.8%). Taking into consideration the lesions of higher prevalence, the periapical cyst was the most commonly found oral disease representing 16.8% of the sample, followed by the dentigerous cyst (15.3%), the ameloblastoma (10.7%), the keratocystic odontogenic tumor (9.5%) and the odontomas (5.5%). (AU)

Estudio retrospectivo de una población de pacientes sometidos a exodoncias en la Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, en el período entre enero 2012 - mayo 2014 / A retrospective study on a patient population undergoing tooth extraction at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery I, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, over a January 2012 - May 2014 period

La extracción dentaria es una de las prácticas odontológicas realizadas con mayor frecuencia, pero a corto plazo los pacientes necesitan rehabilitaciones orales para optimizar el funcionamiento del sistema estomatognático. Dado que conocer las características de la población que demanda exodoncias puede contribuir a elaborar estrategias para limitar la pérdida de piezas dentarias, nos propusimos 1) registrar las características de la población que demanda exodoncias; 2) identificar las piezas dentarias extraídas; 3) registrar las causas de exodoncia; 4) identificar patologías bucales durante la consulta para una exodoncia. Para llevarlo a cabo se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 2000 historias clínicas de pacientes que concurrieron a la Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Buco Maxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FOUBA) y se realizaron exodoncias con anestesia local entre enero de 2012 y mayo de 2014...

Dental extraction is one of the most frequent practices in dentistry, causing necessary oral rehabilitation to ensure normal stomatognathic system function. The purpose of this study was to get to know the characteristics of the population in need of dental extraction so as to develop strategies tending to limit teeth loss. We set to 1) record the characteristics of the population on demand for dental extraction; 2) Identify teeth extracted; 3) Record cause of dental extraction; 4) Identify oral pathologies during examination for dental extraction. We selected 2000 Records of patients who attended “Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, FOUBA” for dental extraction with local anesthetics in the period between January 2002 and May 2014...

Comparing lifecourse models of social class and adult oral health using the 1958 National Child Development Study.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the lifecourse model that best describes the association between social class and adult oral health. METHODS: Data from 10,217 participants of the 1958 National Child Development Study were used. Social class at ages 7, 16 and 33 years were chosen to represent socioeconomic conditions during childhood, adolescence and adulthood, respectively. Two subjective oral health indicators (lifetime and past-year prevalence of persistent trouble with gums or mouth) were measured at age 33. The critical period, accumulation and social trajectories models were tested in logistic regression models and the most appropriate lifecourse model was identified using the structured modelling approach. RESULTS: The critical period model showed that only adulthood social class was significantly associated with oral health. For the accumulation model, a monotonic gradient was found between the number of periods in manual social class and oral health; and four out of eight social trajectories were found to be distinctive. Finally, the social trajectories model was not significantly different from the saturated model indicating that it provided a good fit to the data. CONCLUSION: This study shows the social trajectories model was the most appropriate, in terms of model fit, to describe the association between social class and oral health.

Pénfigo vulgar oral: reporte de un caso clínico / Oral penphigus vulgaris: report of a clinical case

El pénfigo vulgar es el tipo más común de un grupo padecimientos crónicos autoinmunes identificados por la presencia de lesiones ampulosas situadas en las mucosas y piel. El pénfigo vulgar oral (PVO) se caracteriza por la presencia de ampollas localizadas en las encías, paladar blando, carrillos, pero cualquier sitio de la cavidad oral puede ser afectado. Estas lesiones se presentan primero en la cavidad oral y meses después en la piel, por lo que su diagnóstico temprano y oportuno es vital para el pronóstico. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar esta condición clínica en una persona adulta mayor.

Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common of a group of chronic autoim-mune conditions characterized by the presence of mucosal and dermal blisters. In the case of oral pemphigus vulgaris (OPV), these are typi-cally found on the gums, soft palate, and cheeks, though anywhere in the oral cavity can be affected. These lesions appear first in the oral cavity and then, months later, on the skin. Therefore, early diagnosis is crucial for prognosis. The aim of this paper is to present a case report of this condition in an older adul.